Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) confirmed that the Amazon rainforest recorded zero net deforestation in October — the first such month since satellite monitoring of the world's largest tropical forest began in 1988. Environmental scientists attribute the achievement to stricter law enforcement, satellite-based monitoring, and a programme that pays Indigenous communities to protect their territories.

What Changed

The turnaround follows the election of President Lula, who established a new Ministry of Indigenous Peoples, increased funding for IBAMA by 340%, and signed into law a forest protection code. The government also launched the "Green Amazon Bond" programme, raising $12 billion from international investors for ecosystem payments.